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Saturday, January 21, 2023

ध्रुव तारा की तरह मार्गदर्शन करती है हमारे संविधान की मूल संरचना : CJI डीवाई चंद्रचूड़

भारत के प्रधान न्यायाधीश डीवाई चंद्रचूड़ ने शनिवार को यहां कहा कि किसी न्यायाधीश का कौशल संविधान की आत्मा अक्षुण्ण रखते हुए बदलते समय के साथ उसकी व्याख्या करने में निहित है. न्यायमूर्ति चंद्रचूड़ ने कहा कि जब आगे का रास्ता जटिल होता है तो भारतीय संविधान की मूल संरचना अपने व्याख्याताओं और कार्यान्वयन करने वालों को मार्गदर्शन और निश्चित दिशा दिखाती है.

उन्होंने कहा कि हाल के दशकों में ‘‘नियमों का गला घोंटने, उपभोक्ता कल्याण को बढ़ावा देने और वाणिज्यिक लेनदेन का समर्थन करने'' के पक्ष में भारत के कानूनी परिदृश्य में एक महत्वपूर्ण बदलाव आया है.

प्रधान न्यायाधीश मुंबई में नानी ए पालकीवाला स्मृति व्याख्यान में बोल रहे थे. उन्होंने कहा, ‘‘हमारे संविधान की मूल संरचना ध्रुव तारा की तरह मार्गदर्शन करती है और संविधान की व्याख्या करने वालों तथा कार्यान्वयन करने वालों को उस वक्त एक निश्चित दिशा देती है जब आगे का मार्ग जटिल होता है. हमारे संविधान की मूल संरचना या दर्शन संविधान की सर्वोच्चता, कानून का शासन, शक्तियों के पृथक्करण, न्यायिक समीक्षा, धर्मनिरपेक्षता, संघवाद, स्वतंत्रता और व्यक्ति की गरिमा तथा राष्ट्र की एकता एवं अखंडता पर आधारित है.''

प्रधान न्यायाधीश ने कहा कि उभरती विश्व अर्थव्यवस्था ने राष्ट्रीय सीमाओं को मिटा दिया है और कंपनियां अब सीमा पर नहीं रुकती हैं. उन्होंने कहा कि संविधान सरकार को सामाजिक मांगों को पूरा करने के लिए अपनी कानूनी और आर्थिक नीतियों को बदलने तथा विकसित करने की अनुमति देता है.

उन्होंने कहा, ‘‘हम उस समय से एक लंबा सफर तय कर चुके हैं जब एक आवश्यक फोन प्राप्त करने के लिए आपको एक दशक तक इंतजार करना पड़ता था और कई बार अपनी कार खरीदने में भी अधिक समय लगता था. हम पूंजीगत मुद्दों के नियंत्रण के समय से एक लंबा सफर तय कर चुके हैं. समय-समय पर हमें अपने आसपास की दुनिया को रोशन करने के लिए नानी (पालकीवाला) जैसे लोगों को अपने हाथों में मशाल पकड़ने की आवश्यकता होती है. नानी ने हमें बताया कि हमारे संविधान की एक निश्चित पहचान है जिसे बदला नहीं जा सकता है.''

पालकीवाला और उनके कई प्रमुख मामलों के बारे में बात करते हुए प्रधान न्यायाधीश ने कहा कि वह संविधान में निहित मूल पहचान और मूलभूत सिद्धांत को संरक्षित करने में सबसे आगे थे.



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"Guides, Like A North Star": Chief Justice On Basic Structure Doctrine

Chief Justice of India DY Chandrachud on Saturday called the basic structure doctrine a North Star that guides and gives certain direction to the interpreters and implementers of the Constitution when the path ahead is convoluted.

The remarks by the CJI came against the backdrop of the recent remarks by Vice President Jagdeep Dhankhar who questioned the landmark 1973 Kesavananda Bharati case verdict that gave the basic structure doctrine. Mr Dhankhar had said the verdict set a bad precedent and if any authority questions Parliament's power to amend the Constitution, it would be difficult to say “we are a democratic nation”.

Delivering the Nani A Palkhivala Memorial Lecture here, the CJI said craftsmanship of a judge lies in interpreting the text of the Constitution with the changing times while keeping its soul intact.

"The basic structure of our Constitution, like the north star, guides and gives certain direction to the interpreters and implementers of the Constitution when the path ahead is convoluted," he said.

"The basic structure or the philosophy of our Constitution is premised on the supremacy of the Constitution, rule of law, separation of powers, judicial review, secularism, federalism, freedom and the dignity of the individual and the unity and integrity of the nation."

The CJI said that from time to time, we require people like Nani Palkhivala, who was an eminent jurist, to hold candles in their steady hands to light the world around us.

"Nani told us that our Constitution has a certain identity which cannot be altered." He said the doctrine of basic structure has shown that it might be beneficial for a judge to look at how other jurisdictions have dealt with similar problems for them.

The basic structure principle became the ground for setting aside several Constitutional amendments, including the quashing of the Constitutional amendment and the corresponding NJAC Act on the appointment of judges in the higher judiciary.

Mr Dhankhar, who is the Rajya Sabha chairman, recently said he does not subscribe to the Kesavananda Bharati case verdict that Parliament can amend the Constitution but not its basic structure. He had asserted that parliamentary sovereignty and autonomy are quintessential for the survival of democracy and cannot be permitted to be compromised by the executive or judiciary.

Addressing the 83rd All India Presiding Officers Conference in Jaipur on January 11, he said the judiciary cannot intervene in lawmaking.

"In 1973, a wrong precedent (galat parampara) started.

"In 1973, in the Kesavananda Bharati case, the Supreme Court gave the idea of basic structure saying Parliament can amend the Constitution but not its basic structure. With due respect to the judiciary, I cannot subscribe to this," Mr Dhankhar, who has been a Supreme Court lawyer, said.

Mr Dhankar's statement came against the backdrop of a raging debate on the issue of appointment to the higher judiciary with the government questioning the current Collegium system and the Supreme Court defending it.

In his lecture, Justice Chandrachud said the identity of the Indian Constitution has evolved through the interaction of Indian citizens with the Constitution, and has been accompanied by judicial interpretation.

"The craftsmanship of a judge lies in interpreting the text of the Constitution with the changing times while keeping its soul intact," he added.

The CJI also observed that India's legal landscape has undergone a significant change in the recent decades in favour of removing "strangulating regulations, augmenting consumer welfare and supporting commercial transactions".

He said the emerging world economy has erased national boundaries, and companies no longer stop at the border.

"In recent decades, India's legal landscape has also undergone a significant change in favour of removing strangulating regulations, augmenting consumer welfare and supporting commercial transactions."

The CJI noted that legislations such as the Competition law and the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code have been enacted to promote fair market competition. Similarly, the Goods and Services Tax (GST) has sought to streamline indirect taxation on the supply of goods and services in India, he added.

"If you look at the Constitution, it does not favour unbounded economic liberalism. Rather, our Constitution seeks to find the right balance."

The CJI further said the Constitution allows the state to change and evolve its legal and economic policies to meet societal demands.

He said that when individuals have the opportunity to exercise their liberties and to be fairly rewarded for their efforts, then economic justice becomes one of the many inter-related dimensions of life.

Ultimately, we share common faiths and destinies to the point that development of each individual fosters social justice in the entire world, he added.

"We have come a long way from the time when getting a phone required you had to wait for a decade, and buying your car even longer at times. We have come a long way from the time of the control of capital issues,"he added.

Talking about Palkhivala and several prominent cases in which he was involved, the CJI said the eminent jurist was at the forefront of preserving the very identity and cardinal principle embedded in the Constitution.

"Nonetheless, the larger picture of legal culture and local dimensions of law, which are dictated by the local context, should never be obfuscated. Law is always grounded in social realities."

(This story has not been edited by NDTV staff and is auto-generated from a syndicated feed.)



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Chief Justice Backs AI-Driven Translation Of Judgments In Indian Languages

Chief Justice of India D Y Chandrachud on Saturday indicated the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in giving translated copies of judgements in all Indian languages as he underlined the importance of technology in removing the information barrier.

In September 2022, the apex court, under the leadership of CJI Chandrachud, started to live-stream hearings of its Constitution bench.

CJI Chandrachud was speaking at an event organised by the Bar Council of Maharashtra and Goa here.

He underlined the benefit of live-streaming and said teachers of law and students can watch and discuss live issues before the court. "Then you realise the injustice that pervades our society when you discuss live issues," he added.

"..There is a meritocracy barrier. We must have live streaming... I do not have a cynical view... Yes a few people will begin theatrics, but that'll be far and few between," the CJI said.

Stressing the importance of technology, CJI Chandrachud said his mission for technology is to reach out to those who don't have access and not to create a further gap in access.

"The thought is that not every lawyer can afford private reporters, and through technology, the idea is to remove the barrier of access to information. The idea is to make information available to lawyers for free.

"But then the niceties of English will not help rural lawyers. So the idea is to make information accessible to everyone," he added.

The CJI said he had met with a professor of Madras who works in AI (Artificial Intelligence) "and the next step is to give translated copies of judgements in all Indian languages".

Addressing a gathering which was attended by many young lawyers, CJI Chandrachud stressed creating opportunities for junior lawyers and ensuring that those from marginalized communities get the adequate opportunity.

"We need not cover the crevices of what is wrong in the system. We must try and repair it. I will wish for you that you fly high, that you realise your dreams," the CJI told young lawyers. He concluded his address by reciting a couplet by famous 20th century poet Allama Iqbal: "Sitaron ke aage jahaan aur bhi hai, abhi Ishq ke imtihan aur bhi hai, tu Shaheen hai parwaz hai, kaam Tera bhi aasman hai".

(Except for the headline, this story has not been edited by NDTV staff and is published from a syndicated feed.)



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Friday, January 20, 2023

गुजरात कांग्रेस ने पार्टी विरोधी गतिविधियों में शामिल 38 कार्यकर्ताओं और पदाधिकारियों को किया निलंबित

गुजरात कांग्रेस ने पार्टी विरोधी गतिविधियों में शामिल रहे कार्यकर्ताओं और पदाधिकारियों के खिलाफ एक बड़ा फैसला लिया है. पार्टी ने ऐसे 38 कार्यकर्ताओं और पदाधिकारियों को निलंबित कर दिया है जिन्हें कुछ महीने पहले हुए विधानसभा चुनाव के दौरान पार्टी विरोधी गतिविधियों में शामिल पाया गया था.  पार्टी ने दोषी पाए गए लोगों को अगले छह साल के लिए निलंबित किया है. पार्टी संयोजक बालूभाई पटेल ने संवाददाताओं को बताया कि गुजरात कांग्रेस की अनुशासन समिति ने इस महीने दो बार बैठक की और अब तक 95 लोगों के खिलाफ 71 शिकायतें प्राप्त हुई हैं.

पटेल ने बताया कि हमने पार्टी विरोधी गतिविधियों के लिए 38 पार्टी कार्यकर्ताओं को निलंबित कर दिया है. अन्य के खिलाफ भी कार्रवाई की जाएगी. आठ कार्यकर्ताओं को चेतावनी दी गई है. उन्होंने कहा कि सुरेंद्रनगर जिला अध्यक्ष रायभाई राठौड़, नर्मदा जिला अध्यक्ष हरेंद्र वलंद और नांदोद के पूर्व विधायक पी. डी. वसावा उन 38 लोगों में शामिल हैं जिन्हें पार्टी से निलंबित किया गया है.

बता दें कि पिछले विधानसभा चुनाव में कांग्रेस ने महज 17 सीटें जीतीं थी. जबकि भारतीय जनता पार्टी ने रिकॉर्ड 156 सीटें जीतकर सत्ता बरकरार रखी है.



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Watch: Soldiers Trudge Through Snow To Rescue 80-Year-Old Woman Near LoC

Soldiers of the Indian Army's Chinar Corps rescued an elderly woman, who was in severe pain, from a remote Jammu and Kashmir village on the Line of Control (LoC), amid heavy snowfall.

According to an official statement, the soldiers walked through snowfall on Friday morning to reach the woman and bring her to a hospital.

"In the early morning hours of 20 January, Indian Army detachment at Paro proactively acted on a distress call from Mir Mohd a resident of the remote Jabri village, who desperately sought an evacuation of his 80-year old wife with a severe fever, vomiting and abdominal pain," the Army said in a statement.

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"The Indian Army's Chinar Corps warriors conducted a swift emergency evacuation of the ailing elderly lady, Sardar Beewa wife of Mir Mohd from Jabri village to Primary Health Care (PHC) Centre in Boniyar, during the early morning hours on Friday," the statement added.

"The daring and selfless Chinar Corps warriors walked through knee-deep snow and reached the ailing lady's home. The Warriors, carried the aged lady on their back, to minimise injury to the patient, due to the mountainous nature of the tracks, the steep gradient involved and the heavy snowfall conditions," it stated further.

On reaching Paro, the elderly woman was swiftly shifted to a waiting ambulance which took her to PHC, Boniyar, the Army informed.

"The local villagers appreciated the timely response by Indian Army's Paro detachment and praised their gallant and humane efforts towards the local population," the statement added.

Jabri Village is located along a steep gradient, from which evacuation during heavy snowfall is extremely challenging.

(Except for the headline, this story has not been edited by NDTV staff and is published from a syndicated feed.)



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Search Intensifies For Last Missing Person In Nepal Plane Crash: Army

The search for the lone missing person in the Nepal plane crash intensified on Friday, Nepal Army officials said, as the postmortem of the remaining victims continued here at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital.

A Yeti Airlines aircraft with 72 people on board, including five Indians, plunged into a river gorge in the resort city of Pokhara on January 15.

The five Indians, all from Uttar Pradesh, have been identified as Abhisekh Kushwaha, 25, Bishal Sharma, 22, Anil Kumar Rajbhar, 27, Sonu Jaiswal, 35, and Sanjaya Jaiswal.

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Sanjaya Jaiswal's body was handed over to his relatives who returned to India, hospital sources said. So far, only 71 dead bodies have been recovered and the search is on for the remaining person.

On Thursday, 12 bodies including one belonging to an Indian national were handed over to the family members.

The remaining bodies will be handed over their families once the postmortem is over, hospital sources said.

Nepal Army on Friday said that it has intensified the search operations to locate the lone missing person.

The Nepal Army officials conducted search operations from the Seti River in Pokhara to Damauli and Kharenitar of Tanhu district looking for the remains of the crash.

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The search will continue on Saturday, according to a press release issued by the Nepal Army.

According to Nepal's civil aviation body, 914 people have died in air crashes in the country since the first disaster was recorded in August 1955.

The Yeti Airlines tragedy in Pokhara on Sunday is the 104th crash in Nepali skies and the third biggest in terms of casualties.

(Except for the headline, this story has not been edited by NDTV staff and is published from a syndicated feed.)



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ये किसान मेसी का निकला बहुत बड़ा फैन, खेत में ऐसे उगाई फसल, बन गई 'लियोनेल मेसी' की तस्वीर

Lionel Messi Fan: इस दुनिया में कई ऐसे देश हैं, जो फुटबॉल को पसंद करते हैं. अभी हाल ही में फुटबॉल का महाकुंभ हुआ था. इस महाकुंभ में अर्जेनटीना की जीत हुई थी. वही अर्जेनटीना, जहां मेसी रहते हैं. फुटबॉल की बात करें और मेसी का ज़िक्र ना हो, ये कभी नहीं हो सकता है. अभी हाल ही में सोशल मीडिया पर मेसी का एक अद्भुत फैन मिला है. इस फैन ऐसा कमाल किया है कि कोई सोच नहीं सकता है. दरअसल, इसने ऐसी फसल उगाई है, जिसे देखने पर लगता है कि मेसी की तस्वीर है. 

देखें तस्वीर

इस तस्वीर को देखने के बाद आप पूरी तरह से हैरान हो चुके होंगे. दरअसल, इस दुनिया में मेसी के कई फैंस हैं, मगर इस किसान की तरह कोई नहीं है. यह बहुत ही ख़ास है. तस्वीरों में देखा जा सकता है कि कैसे खेती की मदद से मेसी की तस्वीर को उकेरा गया है. 

Football__Tweet नाम के ट्विटर यूज़र ने इन तस्वीरों को शेयर की है. उनके अनुसार, यह किसान अर्जेनटीना का ही है. इसने 50 हेक्टेयर में मक्के की खेती की है. इनको ध्यान से देखने पर पता चलता है कि इन्होंने मेसी की बहुत ही बड़ी तस्वीर बनाई है. सोशल मीडिया पर लोग इस किसान की तारीफ कर रहे हैं. एक यूज़र ने कमेंट करते हुए लिखा है- ये उन्नत तकनीक के कारण ही संभव हो पाया है. वहीं एक अन्य यूज़र ने कमेंट करते हुए लिखा है- बहुत ही सुंदर है.



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